Method and device for strengthening and lightening floor and roof framing

ABSTRACT

Method and device for strengthening and lightening floor and roof framing, where the beams and the compression slab are firmly integrated, making it possible to easily recover the moulds or blocks lightening the framing. The method uses several devices, prefabricated beams, moulds, mesh, concrete laid on site and where necessary reinforcing rods. The devices comprise essentially: a section, two bolts and a pin. The section will be tensile-stress resistant and folded into a “U” shape to match the beams. The method involves affixing the device, wrapped transversally around the beam. Likewise, and several devices can be affixed along each beam. The beams are then placed on their walls or girders, parallel and separated depending on the moulds, then the moulds are seated in the protruding segments of the bolts of the device until the spans are covered, affixing reinforcing rods in the sides of the device where necessary. The mesh is then laid by attaching it to the ends of the devices. The concrete is then poured until the compression slab and the channels above the beams are filled. Once set, the bolts are removed to recover the moulds from below.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is applied in the technical field of construction, mainly for the framing of floor and roof of reinforced concrete in buildings, houses, bridges, or in constructions general.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Nowadays many procedures for the manufacture of floor and roof framing of reinforced concrete are based on placement on the walls and girders, prefabricated beams placed parallel and separated to each other, such that when the blocks or moulds seat on their sides, the spans between the beams are covered, then a mesh is placed in a parallel plan exceeding the blocks, the concrete is then poured on the whole in order to form the compression slab. In said framings, the ruptures and cracks are very frequent due to the weak adherence between the smooth beam surfaces and the concrete forming the compression slab, thus impeding a suitable incorporation to work together, decreasing the absorption of the shear-stress and the loading capacity of the system. Also in these procedures it is difficult to place the mesh in the proper place, and if necessary, reinforcing rods. In many of these cases, the use of blocks of concrete which are encased in the system, add an excessive weight with a practically null structural benefit. And if after to the setting of the framing, to firmly affix supports for ceiling roses, ducts, lamps, it is required, then it is necessary to drill it, taking the risk of damaging it.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention applies in the technical field of construction, mainly in floor and roof framing of reinforced concrete, it is related to a procedure and to a simple and low cost device, capable of being adapted to all kind of prefabricated beams, using also; moulds, mesh, concrete laid on site, and if necessary, reinforcing rods. With this invention, a framing is achieved wherein the compression slab and beams are firmly integrated, increasing the loading capacity of the framing, enhancing the shear-stress absorption, allowing that bigger spaces in longitudinal direction to the beams be covered, making easier to properly place the mesh and reinforcing rods, if required. The invention allows making it possible to easily recover the moulds for re-use, lightening the framing, and therefore reducing the necessary requirements for the walls or girders wherein the framing is seated, notably reducing the related costs. The device lower section non-covered with concrete remains available for the affixation of supports for ducts, ceiling roses, or any other suitable item without requiring drilling the framing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

As a complement of the description and to help for a better understanding of the invention, the following drawings are shown only in an illustrative a non-limitative manner, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention, wherein its different parts before the installation are shown.

FIG. 2 shows the installed device in a type of beam.

FIG. 3 shows cross-sections of different types of beams with their respective devices already installed therein, with placed moulds, mesh, some reinforcing rods, and the poured concrete.

FIG. 4 shows various devices installed in the beams, with their moulds, mesh, reinforcing rods, and a portion of the poured concrete.

FIG. 5 shows a framing cross-cut, wherein the beam, the device, the mesh, the reinforcing rods, and the set concrete can be seen, wherein the moulds have been removed, wherein the installation of some supports for ducts and ceiling roses can be seen in the section of the device external to the concrete.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Method and device for strengthening and lightening floor and roof framing.

Wherein the method uses mainly some devices, prefabricated beams (V), moulds (K), mesh (M), concrete laid on site (C), and if necessary, reinforcing rods (R). The method is characterized by preferably starting transversally installing a device in the beam, the device consisting of a profile, a pin (P) and two screws (T), wherein the profile is made from a tensile-strength resistant material, preferably folded into a “U” shape, conformed according to the used beam (V), the lower section of the profile having in its inner wall, the shape and dimensions of the base and adjacent sides of the beam cross-section (V), when the profile sides reach the level where the beam cross-section has its higher width (a′), said sides are perpendicularly extended to its base plane, wherein the spacing between each other (a) is equal to the maximum width (a′) of the beam cross-section, said sides continue until reaching a height over said plane, equal to the distance from the beam base to the determined plane to affix the mesh (M) which will form part of the compression slab. The profile sides will have in their ends some folds (D) in order to form anchorages. The profile will have several holes (J) and projections (L). The profile is transversally placed on the beam, by contacting the profile base with the beam base, and the sides adjacent to the profile base by contacting the sides or the edges, adjacent to the beam base.

Then, the pin (P), which consists of an essentially straight rod, is affixed from one to other of the profile sides, being able to use said holes (p) in both sides, the pin remaining parallel to the profile base plane and at a distance (b) from this plane, equal to the height (b′) of the beam cross-section, such that the pin touching the beam upper section, avoiding the displacement of the profile downwards of the beam. The two screws (T) will be housed, symmetrically faced to each other, in holes (t) in both profile sides, located at a height (c) from the profile base plane, equal to the distance (c′) from the base of the beam cross-section up to the level wherein said section has its higher width (a). The screws (T) will have enough length to cover the profile thickness and to have a remaining segment in order to settle the side edges of the moulds (K).

Then, several of these devices will be similarly installed along the beams, spaced to each other according to the requirements of the situation. After, the beams will be settled in their walls or girders, remaining parallel and spaced to each other at a distance according to the dimensions of the moulds. Subsequently, the moulds will be settled on the protruding segments of the bolts, until the spans be covered. If necessary, reinforcing rods (R) will be lengthwise or transversally installed with respect to the beams, the holes and projections of the device can be used as a support. Then, the mesh (M) will be placed by using the device ends (D) as a support. Further, the concrete is poured (C) over the system until filling the channels and the compression slab. After the concrete has properly set, the screws (T) are removed in order to recover the moulds (K) from below in order to reuse thereof. The device lower section that is no covered by the concrete remains exposed for the affixation of supports (B) for: ducts, ceiling roses (A), or any other suitable item, without requiring drilling the framing.

The device object of the invention essentially consists of: a profile, two screws (T) and a pin (P). The profile will be made preferably from a tensile-strength resistant material, folded into a “U” shape, according to the used beam (U). The inner wall of the shaped “U” profile base has the shape and length of the base of the beam cross-section used, the inner walls of the side sections adjacent to the profile base, have the shape and length of the adjacent sides to the base of the beam cross-section up to the height where said section has its higher width (a′), from said height the profile sides continue being perpendicular to its base and with a spacing (a) between each other, equal to the higher width (a′) of the beam part, until reaching a height over its base which will be equal to the distance from the beam base to the determined plane in order to affix the mesh which will be integrated to the compression slab, the profile ends (D) are folded to form anchorages at said height. The profile might have several holes (J) and projections (L).

The two screws (T) will be symmetrically housed facing to each other in said holes (t) at both profile sides, located at a height (c) from the profile base plane, equal to the distance (e′) from the base of the beam cross-section up to the level of the higher width (a′) of said section. The screws (T) will have enough length to cover the profile thickness and to have a remaining segment in order to settle the side edges of the moulds. The pin (P) essentially consists of a substantially straight rod with a minimum length sufficient so that its ends can be affixed in the profile sides, being able to use said holes (P) in both sides, the pin remaining parallel to the profile base plane and at a distance (b) from this plane, equal to the height (h′) of the beam cross-section, such that when the profile is installed on the beam, the pin is affixed touching the beam upper section, and avoiding the displacement of the profile downwards of the beam. 

1. Method and device for strengthening and lightning floor and roof framing, wherein the method mainly uses some devices, prefabricated beams, moulds or blocks, mesh (electro-welded or the like), concrete laid on site, and if necessary, reinforcing rods. The process is essentially characterized by preferably starting transversally installing a device in the beam, which consists of a profile, a pin and two screws. The profile is made from a tensile-strength resistant material, folded preferably into a “U” shape, the lower section of the “U” shaped profile has in its inner wall the shape and dimensions of the base and of its adjacent sides of the beam cross-section, when the profile sides reach the level where the beam cross-section has its higher width, said sides are perpendicularly extended to its base plane, until reaching a height over said plane equal to the distance of the determined plane in order to affix the mesh which will form part of the compression slab, up to the beam base. The profile sides will have in their ends some folds in order to form anchorages. The profile will have several holes and projections. The section is transversally placed on the beam, contacting the profile base with the beam base, and the sides adjacent to the profile base contacting the sides or the edges adjacent to the beam base. The pin consists of an essentially straight rod, which is affixed from one to the other of the profile sides, being able to use said holes in both sides, the pin remaining parallel to the profile base plane and at a distance from this plane, equal to the height of the beam cross-section, such that the pin touching the beam upper section, avoiding the displacement of the section downwards of the beam. The two screws will be symmetrically housed faced to each other, in said holes in both profile sides, located at a height from the profile base plane, equal to the distance from the base of the beam cross-section up to the level wherein said section has its higher width. The screws will have enough length to cover the profile thickness and to have a remaining segment in order to settle the side edges of the moulds. Then, several of these devices will be similarly installed along the beams, spaced to each other according to the requirements of the situation. After, the beams will be settled in their walls or girders, remaining parallel and spaced to each other at a distance according to the dimensions of the moulds or blocks. Subsequently, the moulds will be settled on the protruding segments of the screws, until the spans be covered. If necessary, reinforcing rods will be lengthwise or transversally installed with respect to the beams, the holes and projections of the device can be used as a support. Then, the mesh will be placed by using the device ends as a support. Further, the concrete is poured over the system until filling the channels and the compression slab. After the concrete has properly set, the screws are removed so as to recover the moulds or blocks from below in order to reuse thereof. The device lower section no covered by the concrete remains exposed for the affixation of supports for: ducts, ceiling roses, or any other suitable item, without requiring drilling the framing.
 2. Method and device for strengthening and lightning floor and roof framing according to claim 1, wherein the device is essentially characterized by consisting of: a profile, two screws and a pin. The profile will be made preferably from a tensile-strength resistant material, folded into a “U” shape, according to the used beam. The inner wall of the shaped “U” profile base has the shape and length of the base of the used beam cross-section, the inner walls of the side sections adjacent to the profile base, have the shape and length of the adjacent sides to the base of the beam cross-section up to the height where said section has its higher width, from said height the profile sides continue being perpendicular to its base until reaching a height over its base which will be equal to the distance from the beam base to the determined plane in order to affix the mesh which will be integrated to the compression slab, the profile ends are folded to form anchorages at said height or will have added elements to constitute anchorages. The profile might have several holes and projections. The two screws will be symmetrically housed facing to each other in said holes at both profile sides, located at a height from the profile base plane, equal to the distance from the base of the beam cross-section up to the level of the higher width of said section. The screws will have enough length to cover the profile thickness and to have a remaining segment in order to settle the side edges of the moulds. The pin essentially consists of a substantially straight rod with a minimum length sufficient so that its ends can be affixed in the profile sides, both sides might have said holes to affix the pin, the pin remaining parallel to the profile base plane and at a distance from this plane, equal to the height of the beam cross-section, such that when the profile is installed ton the beam, the pin is affixed touching the beam upper section, and avoiding the displacement of the profile downwards of the beam. 